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Causes of heart palpitations Heart palpations can have a wide range of causes that include strong emotions, medications, and lifestyle factors. In some cases, they can be caused by a medical condition affecting your heart or another part of your body. Hearates that 16 percentTrusted Source of visits to a doctor are because of heart palpitations. They’re also the second most common reason that people visit a cardiologist — a doctor who specializes in the heart. Possible causes of heart palpitations include: Lifestyle triggers strenuous exercise excess caffeine or alcohol use nicotine from tobacco products such as cigarettes and cigars lack of sleep dehydration smoking Emotional or psychological triggers stress anxiety fear panic shock Drugs and medications over-the-counter (OTC) medications, including cold and cough medications, herbal supplements, and nutritional supplements prescription medications such as asthma inhalers  stimulants such as amphetamines and cocaine Heart conditions A